Commit Graph
295 Commits
Author SHA1 Message Date
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 56af5e3553 Test the clock where CI could not see it: the date field's time zone, a backwards date, a reopened panel
Three behaviours of the clock had no test that would fail without them:

- "jumps the clock to the date submitted, read as UTC" only told UTC from local time on a machine
  outside UTC. CI runs on ubuntu-latest, in UTC, where both readings are the same instant, so a
  field read as local time passed all 805 tests there. The test now sets TZ to Asia/Kolkata (UTC
  +5:30) itself, and afterEach unstubs it.
- Nothing checked that a negative rate moves the date backwards; the dock's test read only the
  rate's sign. The store now checks that at -86 400 s/s a second of wall clock is a day earlier.
- Nothing checked that reopening the Display panel fills the date field with the clock's date,
  rather than the one it held when the dock was built.

Controls, the suite run under TZ=UTC: the field read as local time fails "jumps the clock to the date
submitted, read as UTC"; the rate's size taken without its sign fails "runs the date backwards at a
negative rate"; toggleTab not refilling the field fails "fills the date field again with the clock's
date when the panel is opened again".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:30:38 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 34084c0eec Test the body page itself: its ring in Saturn's equator, and each body turned for the map's date
No spec mounted BodyDetailSceneComponent, so the two things the page was changed for could be
undone with all 805 tests passing: putting audit #47's 17-degree lean back on the page's ring, and
sending every body back to the slow turn for show instead of bodyPageView. saturnRing's geometry
and bodyPageView were each tested alone; how the page wires them was not.

body-detail-scene.component.spec.ts mounts the page on a stand-in engine and data loader, the
pattern galaxy-system-scene's spec uses, with the page's template cut to its canvas. It opens
Saturn and checks that the ring's face normal, read off its geometry through its world matrix,
lies on the planet's pole within 1e-6 rad; and it opens Earth with the clock pinned to 2025-06-01
12:00 UTC and checks that the sphere and the light are what bodyPageView gives for that date.

Controls: the ring leant 17 degrees fails "lays Saturn's rings in its equator on the page"; the page
falling back to its show spin fails "turns Earth on its page as it stands at the map's date".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:27:06 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 ff7525d3b5 Stop a running clock at the ends of its window, where setDate already refused to go
Only setDate held the clock to AD 1 - AD 3000; julianDate did not, so a month a second carried it
past either end with nothing to stop it. Past AD 3000 it drew the planets on elements Standish
never fitted there, under a note naming "AD 3000"; before AD 1, toISOString writes the six-digit
years ECMA-262 uses outside 0000-9999, and the note, the date strip and the date field, which cut
it at fixed places, read "... to -000001-10-05 20 UTC.", "-000001-10" and an empty field.

julianDate now stops the clock at the end it ran into: re-anchored there, at real time turned back
into the window (forwards at AD 1, backwards at AD 3000), as if the reader had set that date. In
the running app, run backwards from 0001-01-10 at a month a second for 20 s, the note reads "to
0001-01-01 00:00 UTC." and the strip "0001-01-01", the clock 19.7 s into AD 1 at real time; run on
from 2999-12-01 for 8 s, "to 2999-12-31 23:59 UTC." at real time backwards.

Control: julianDate unheld fails "stops a running clock at either end of the window".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:24:29 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 97b8dd9dc8 Turn the Sun about its IAU pole, once in 25.38 days, as every planet already is
Every body with IAU elements was turned by its pole and W, but the Sun, which is the system's star
marker and no BodyRecord, was built with an identity rotation and never touched: its pole pointed
at RA 90, Dec 0, 115.03 degrees from the WGCCRE 2015 solar pole (RA 286.13, Dec 63.87), and it
stood still where its W turns 14.1844 degrees a day.

SUN_ROTATIONAL_ELEMENTS carries NAIF body 10 from pck00011.tpc, and the ETL fails if they are not
the kernel's. The scene turns the star marker by bodyOrientation each tick when the star is the
Sun, as the renderer turns the planets. In the running app the Sun's drawn pole lies on the IAU's
(0.00 degrees) and its map turns 14.1844 degrees between 2026-01-01 and 01-02. The map's longitudes
are Solar System Scope's, not Carrington's, so the phase of W is not the Sun's own; the pole and
the rate are.

Controls: leaving the marker unturned fails "turns the Sun about its IAU pole, once in 25.38 days";
the app's elements off the kernel's (W rate 14.18) fails the ETL.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:21:15 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 8e3a494fe9 Print Hyperion's eccentricity as JPL measures it now, 0.105, not the archived row's 0.023
The card listed Hyperion's eccentricity under "Measured" as 0.023: the archived JPL satellite row
the orbit is drawn from gives 0.0232. JPL's current table (SAT441) gives 0.105, and Horizons'
osculating orbit ranges 0.074 to 0.132 from 1980 to 2100 (0.1099 on 2025-01-01). The row stays
the orbit: with 0.105 put into it, Hyperion is further from Horizons, not nearer (median 9.6
degrees against 7.8 over 1980-2100, as a reviewer measured), so only the card changes.

BodyRecord.measuredEccentricity carries the figure the card prints where it is not the orbit's
own; the ETL sets it for Hyperion, and buildBodyViewModel prints it. build.ts now checks every
card's eccentricity against Horizons' osculating one on 2025-01-01, within 0.03: measured at most
0.0151 (Phoebe, and the Moon, whose eccentricity swings) once Hyperion prints 0.105, where the
row put it 0.0867 out. The live Hyperion page reads "ECCENTRICITY 0.105".

Controls: the ETL with Hyperion on its row's figure fails ("Hyperion's card gives an eccentricity of
0.0232, where Horizons' osculating orbit has 0.1099"); the view model ignoring the field fails
"prints the eccentricity measured for a moon whose orbit keeps an older one".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:17:06 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 f655a4c0f7 Turn Eris once in 15.77 days, locked to Dysnomia, not in the 25.9 hours the SBDB flags as unreliable
Eris took its day from the SBDB's rot_per, 25.9 hours, whose own note reads "Result based on less
than full coverage, so that the period may be wrong by 30 percent or so" (Roe et al. 2008). Eris
is locked to Dysnomia: its light curve repeats every 15.771 +/- 0.008 days (Bernstein et al. 2023,
PSJ 4, 115), Dysnomia's 15.78590-day orbit (Holler et al. 2021; Szakáts et al. 2023, A&A 669, L3).
It was drawn turning 14.6 times too fast.

Eris's BodySpec now carries that day, 378.504 hours, cited as its radius already cites Sicardy et
al., and a spec's measured day comes before its source's. build.ts checks that Eris's day is
Dysnomia's orbit within 0.2 per cent. In the running app Eris turns 5.707 degrees in six hours, as
15.771 days gives; on 25.9 hours it turned 83.4.

Makemake's SBDB period, 22.83 hours, carries the same flag; it is Hromakina et al. 2019's own
result and nothing later overturns it, so it is kept.

Control: Eris on the SBDB's period fails the ETL: "Eris turns once in 1.079 days".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:14:20 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 86d97b903e Print Earth's inclination as 0.00 degrees, not -0.00
Standish's Table 2a fits the Earth-Moon barycentre's inclination as -0.00054346 degrees, and the
card printed toFixed(2) of it: "Inclination -0.00°", where the branch's base read 0.00. A negative
inclination is the same orbit as its size with the node turned half round, so the card prints the
size. The elements the map propagates are left as Standish gives them. The live Earth page now
reads "INCLINATION 0.00°".

Control: printing the fitted sign again fails "prints the size of an inclination fitted below
zero".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:11:56 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 395b613f82 Stop telling the reader that the moons drawn without a map were never imaged
provenanceFor ended every derived surface with "Not an observation — no image of this world
exists", a sentence written for exoplanets. The branch added eleven solar-system bodies with no
map in the catalogue, and eight of them are moons spacecraft photographed: Voyager 2 imaged
Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon, Proteus and Nereid, Cassini Hyperion (26 Sep 2005, from
about 500 km). The textures README says so itself. Hubble sees Eris, Haumea and Makemake too, as
points.

Only an exoplanet now gets that sentence. A moon or dwarf planet drawn from its measurements says
"no global map of this world is used here", which is true of all eleven. Read off the live pages:
Titania, Hyperion and Eris end with it, and an exoplanet keeps the old wording.

Controls: giving every derived surface the exoplanets' sentence fails "says a moon without a map is
illustrated, without saying it was never imaged"; giving it to none fails "says an exoplanet has
never been imaged".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:10:35 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 87e9ec274b Turn Venus's map north up, so Maxwell Montes is drawn in the north where the IAU puts it
venus.jpg, from the Solar System Scope pack, is the Magellan radar map turned half round: south up
and east to the left. Its brightest feature north or south of 50 degrees, Maxwell Montes, sat at
63.4 S, 8.9 W (blurred at sigma 3), with Lakshmi Planum east of it; the IAU Gazetteer puts Maxwell
at 65.2 N, 3.3 E, at Lakshmi's eastern end. The IAU pole and W are right (Venus's sub-Earth
longitude matched Horizons to the thousandth), and so is MAP_TO_BODY, which Earth, Mars, the Moon
and Mercury were checked against; the file was not, and its surface was drawn turned 180 degrees
about the prime meridian's axis.

Turned back with PIL's ROTATE_180 and re-saved on the file's own quantisation tables (0.03 grey
levels from the exact turn, 240 079 bytes), its brightest point is 63.7 N, 8.3 E with Lakshmi to
the west, and the dev server serves that file. The textures README records the check, the
MAP_TO_BODY comment adds Venus to the maps it names, and texture-catalog.spec.ts pins the checked
file's SHA-256, since no image decoder runs in the unit suite (a triple-slash reference gives that
one spec Node's types).

Control: the pack's file put back fails "wraps Venus in the map turned north up".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:07:03 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 34ae803c06 Take TT - UT from the historical record before 1972, so the far dates the clock reaches turn every body by the right amount
The clock reaches AD 1, but TT - UT was held at today's 69.184 s. At AD 1000 it was 1 574 s and at
AD 1 about 10 570 (Espenak and Meeus, NASA's Five Millennium Canon; Horizons' TDB - UT gives 1 658
and 10 466 on JD 2086455 and 1721600). So every spin but Earth's was (ΔT - 69 s) times its rate
out, Jupiter 15.2 degrees at AD 1000 and 106 at AD 1, Mars 6 and 43, and every orbit that much
behind: the Moon about 0.2 and 1.4 degrees.

ttMinusUtSeconds gives TT - UT for a date on the clock: the Espenak-Meeus polynomials before 1972,
32.184 s plus UTC's leap seconds from 1972 to the last one, at the start of 2017, and 69.184 s
held after it, as Horizons holds it. Its pieces join within 0.1 s. tdbFromUtc, which positions
and spins already share, now adds it. Within 0.2 s of Horizons in 1950, 105 s at AD 1 and 86 s
at AD 1000, where the historical record itself is that uncertain.

Earth is the exception: its turning is what UT counts, so the clock's date already says how far it
has turned, and ΔT would turn it again, 44 degrees at AD 1. Its W, fitted to today, keeps today's
69.184 s (bodyOrientation's followsUt, set for Earth in the system view and on its page).

In the running app at 1000-01-01 00:00 UT, Jupiter's drawn prime meridian sits 0.000 degrees from
its IAU W at TT and 15.164 from where the held offset put it; Earth's sits on its W at UT + 69.184 s,
6.288 degrees short of what TT would have turned it to.

The renderer spec now hands its frozen Horizons vectors over as the UT dates that name them
through the same TT - UT, and checks Jupiter's and Earth's prime meridians at AD 1000.

Controls: the leap-second rule used before 1972 fails "follows the historical record before 1972";
TT - UT held at 69 s fails "turns Jupiter at AD 1000 by its W"; Earth turned at TDB, or the renderer
or the page not keeping it on UT, fails the Earth tests.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 19:03:26 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 d4808788ec Take the orbits at TDB as the spins already were, so a locked moon faces the planet it is drawn round
Every element set here runs on TDB: Standish's T_eph, the SSD satellite and SBDB epochs, the
IAU's d and T. bodyOrientation already took the clock's UTC to TDB, but SystemOrbitsRenderer.update
and the body page's heliocentricPosition fed the UTC date straight to meanElementsAt, so in one
frame each body's place was 69.184 s behind its spin. That is n x 69 s of orbit: Phobos 0.90
degrees, Mimas 0.31, Deimos 0.23, Enceladus 0.21, Miranda 0.20, Io 0.16, Tethys 0.15, Europa
0.08, the Moon 0.011. 48319c3's table measured the app at a UTC date against Horizons at the same
number read as TDB, which hid it, and its "nothing for anything else" was wrong: Io's 0.16 is four
to five times Io's worst model error there (0.035).

tdbFromUtc, in constants.ts, is now the one conversion, and positions and spins both go through
it. In the running app, clock pinned to 2025-06-01 12:00 UTC, Io's face towards Jupiter is at
0.024 E, latitude -0.009, where Horizons (observer quantity 14 from Jupiter's centre) has 0.036 E
and -0.003: 0.012 degrees apart, where it was 0.175. The renderer spec checks that point, and now
hands its frozen Horizons vectors, which are TDB, to update() as the UTC dates that name them,
69.184 s earlier; the same frozen rows fed at the UTC date fail for Io and Europa. A body-page test
checks that the Sun lights the point it stands over at the same TDB instant the body is turned for.

Controls: taking the renderer's orbits at the clock's UTC fails "faces jupiter and the Sun with the
points Horizons gives on io"; taking the page's Sun there fails "takes the Sun where it stands at
the same TDB instant".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 18:45:26 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 f8ee3ac3ab Move Mimas, Tethys and Phobos along their orbits by the terms their IAU W already carried
The IAU W of a locked moon follows its mean longitude, so a term of W that is the moon running
ahead of and behind its mean motion is its orbit's too. Two were in bodies.json's W and in no
orbit: the 71-year libration of the Mimas-Tethys 4:2 resonance, -44.85 degrees on Mimas and
+2.23 on Tethys on the angle S5 = 316.45 + 506.2 T of pck00011.tpc, and Phobos's tidal
quadratic, 9.536e-9 degrees a day squared about J2000. JPL's satellite table has a column for
neither. orbitalTermsOfPrimeMeridian now turns each into the row's meanAnomalyTerms about the
row's own epoch (Phobos's 1950 row gets the quadratic re-centred, which adds to its mean motion
and mean anomaly at the epoch), and the ETL takes them for the three moons named in their specs.

Against Horizons: Mimas on 2026 May 27, near the libration's extreme, 2.24 degrees instead of
43.3; Tethys the same day 0.18 instead of 2.05; Phobos in 2100 1.25 instead of 11.1. On the
ETL's 2025-01-01 check Mimas is 1.56 degrees, so its named 46-degree ceiling is gone. The renderer
spec freezes the Mimas and Phobos vectors.

The day-equals-orbit check checked a number that turns no locked moon: since cdf474b every one is
turned by its IAU W. build.ts now checks what is drawn instead: the east longitude of the planet
on the moon's IAU body-fixed frame, from where the mean elements put it, every 135 days from 1950
to 2100. Measured: at most 6.70 degrees (the Moon's own eccentricity swing), with Mimas 10.15
(its physical libration, which Horizons shows too), Iapetus 18.33 (its row sits 9.4 degrees
behind Horizons) and Proteus 8.18 under their own ceilings. The lock holds only over that span:
Proteus's W turns 6.3e-7 of its rate slower than its orbit, which drifts its face 74 degrees by
AD 3000, and Mimas's W runs 6e-5 degrees a day ahead of the table's mean motion. Without the new
terms the check fails: Phobos's face turned 13.78 degrees from Mars by 2100, and Mimas's 54.5.

The comments that promised the lock "however long the clock runs" now say what the check covers.
The ceilings comment in build.ts gives Hyperion's and Nereid's worst offsets sampled daily (22.2
and 11.2 degrees, where twelve New Year's Days gave 20.2 and 2.6).

Controls: dropping the libration's cosine term, the quadratic, the quadratic's re-centring or
swapping sine and cosine each fails its named test; the ETL without Mimas's term fails at 44.68
degrees and without Phobos's at 13.78.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 18:37:58 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 2242fe0a7f Give every star a limb-darkened surface in its own colour, and light its planets with it
Every star but the Sun was a flat disc of one colour, and the Sun wore the texture pack's orange
photograph, lit by the same white light as every other star's planets.

Every star now shares one TSL material (starSurfaceMaterial in the scene): the Sun's map in grey,
times the colour of a blackbody at the star's temperature, times a linear limb-darkening law,
1 - 0.6 (1 - mu), the Sun's coefficient in the visible. The temperature is the one the radius
uses: the archive's st_teff for a host, else the dwarf sequence at its colour or type, else
the Sun's.
The colour comes from blackbodyColor (stellar.ts): Kim et al.'s cubic fit to the Planckian locus,
then CIE XYZ to linear sRGB, brightest channel 1. At D65 it gives 2 900 K (255, 180, 103), 5 800 K
(255, 241, 235) and 9 600 K (208, 219, 255), against (255, 182, 98), (255, 241, 231) and
(211, 221, 255) in Charity's integrated blackbody table. The tint is a uniform, so the shader is
built once and not per system.

The star's PointLight takes the same colour against the Sun's, since the planets' photographs
were taken in sunlight: the Sun's light stays white at pi, TRAPPIST-1's (2 566 K) is
(1, 0.44, 0.10) and Proxima's (2 900 K) (1, 0.52, 0.17), Sirius's (0.52, 0.67, 1). The intensity
stays pi. No halo comes back.

sun.jpg was 2048 by 1024 and 822 427 bytes for a disc that reaches 216 px across at the Sun's
closest approach on a 1080-line screen. It is now 1024 by 512 in grey, 31 306 bytes, which covers
the disc to a 1440-line screen. Its brightness varied by 56 % rms, which made every star a mottled
rock; it is rescaled to 14 % rms about the display's white, of the order of the Sun's granulation
contrast, the brighter half clipped as in a photograph exposed for the disc (6 % rms remains).

Measured on the dev server (1600 by 1000, the camera at its closest approach):
- the disc's brightness against the law, from r/R 0.52 to 0.97: Sun 0.970/0.841/0.763/0.657/0.560
  against 0.927/0.829/0.755/0.645/0.554, ups And and Sirius the same to within 0.05;
- the disc's centre in sRGB: Sun (245, 233, 226), ups And (F8V, 6 157 K) (249, 239, 239),
  Sirius (199, 209, 243);
- the first system entry of a fresh page, three runs each in alternating blocks against the
  previous commit: Sol's longest task 90 ms before, 86 ms after, two tasks over 50 ms in every
  run either way; Proxima Centauri's none over 50 ms after, one run of six with a 53 ms task
  before. The long tasks on Sol's first entry predate this change.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 15:10:52 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 7213f987c4 Draw every star at its own radius, measured where the archive has one and derived otherwise
The system view drew the Sun at its own radius and every other star at 0.45 of its innermost
orbit, capped at 0.2 AU: a size chosen so the star would not swallow its planets, not the star's.
Proxima Centauri was drawn at 2.8 solar radii, eighteen times its own, and every star without
planets at 43.

starSurfaceOf (body-view-model.ts) now gives each star a radius and a temperature. A planet host
takes the archive's st_rad and st_teff from its planets' rows: 4 439 hosts are drawn at a
measured radius, 22 at a derived one. Every other star's is derived: its temperature off Pecaut & Mamajek's dwarf
sequence at its colour (the same table the spectral estimate reads, or at the colour its type
implies where it has none), its luminosity from its absolute magnitude and the bolometric
correction luminositySolar already applies, and R = sqrt(L) / (T / 5772 K)^2. Against the
archive's own st_rad for the 1 447 catalogue hosts that have one, the derived radius is within
0.018 dex at the median, 0.071 dex at the 90th percentile, and within a factor of 1.5 for
97.1 %. Sirius comes out 1.79 solar radii (1.711 published, Liebert et al. 2005), Wolf 359 0.117,
Betelgeuse 584, the Sun exactly 1.

A star with no band has only the ETL's stand-in magnitude, and gets no derived radius: PSR
J1719-1438 came out 2.3 solar radii from it, wider than its planet's orbit. With the stars that
have neither a colour nor a type, that leaves 3 077 of 455 608 stars (274 of 4 735 hosts) with
no radius; they are drawn at the Sun's, and their card gives none.

The card says which it is: "Radius 0.141 solar radii" for a published one, "~0.10 solar radii,
from colour and brightness" for a derived one, two figures because colour does not give three.

A giant drawn at its size can be wider than its system, so systemFramingDistanceAu also makes
room for the star, and the controls' closest approach is now three of the star's radii where
that is more than the old 0.05 AU. 23 211 stars are drawn wider than 3.6 solar radii, which put
0.05 AU inside three of their radii, and a zoom would have carried the camera through the
surface of the largest. The Sun keeps 0.05 AU. starMarkerRadiusAu and the renderer's innermost
axis, which only it read, are gone.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 14:27:39 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 db3af1a820 Wrap Deimos in Stooke's Viking map, once its longitudes were settled on the body
Audit #40. deimos.jpg was a 592x592 disc photograph, 32.6% black sky, left in the folder
unlisted by 302fa96 because the one cylindrical map found then (USGS
wms_basemaps/Deimos/deimoscyl4.jpg) gave no way to tell which way its longitudes ran. It is now
Stooke's later map of the same set, from the NASA PDS Small Bodies Node
(MULTI-SA-MULTI-6-STOOKEMAPS-V3.0, deimos_cyl_viking_mro.jpg): Viking Orbiter images with MRO
HiRISE detail, 7200x3600 simple cylindrical, "0 longitude at the center".

The guide does not say which way longitude runs, and USGS georeferences its copy of the older
version with 0 at the left edge. Settled on the body: read with 0 in the middle and east to the
right, and drawn as a globe from outside, the hemisphere at 90 E matches unmirrored the sheet
Stooke titles "trailing side" (270 W), and the one at 90 W his "leading side". A synchronous
prograde moon trails at 90 E, so that reading holds; read the USGS way, the sheets would land on
the wrong hemispheres. A 1 km depression sits at Swift's Gazetteer position (12.5 N, 1.8 E).

Processed like the other maps (build_maps.py): no no-data pixels to grey (13 source pixels of 26
million at 0), area-downsampled to 1024x512, JPEG q85, 55 KB. Black pixels (under 8 of 255): 0%.
The map wraps seamlessly (mean 1.8 grey levels across the seam).

Measured in the running app (port 4311) through the IAU rotation and MAP_TO_BODY: Mars stands
over 0.18 W, 0.41 W and 0.20 W of the drawn map (latitudes within 0.04 deg) on 2000-01-01.5,
2025-01-01 and 2050-01-01, and Deimos heads toward 90.08 W, 90.30 W and 90.11 W: the hemisphere
that matched Stooke's leading sheet leads.

texture-catalog.spec.ts now lists Deimos among the mapped bodies. Mutant: the deimos line removed
from BODY_TEXTURE_PATHS; only 'wraps the moons and dwarf planets that have a mission mosaic in it'
failed (1 of 805). The textures README gives the source, credit, licence (the PDS archive states no
use restriction) and the longitude check; the root README counts twenty-eight photographed bodies.
The five Uranian moons stay derived: USGS has only Voyager control networks for them, no mosaic.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 13:29:22 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 ac6a3bb1ea Let the reader set the clock to a date, and run it backwards
The clock from #33 could only run forwards from now. The Display panel's
clock now has a Date (UTC) field, a native datetime-local in a form, so Enter
submits it and the browser holds it to its min and max. It jumps the clock to
that date, and the clock carries on from there at the rate it was running at.
A Backwards toggle (aria-pressed) runs the same four rates the other way. The
radios still pick the rate's size and keep the direction when it changes.

The window is AD 1 to AD 3000. The end is where Standish's Table 2 stops
being fitted (3000 BC to AD 3000; every planet within 0.29 degrees of
Horizons at each date measured out to 3000). The start is the date input's
own floor. TimeStore.setDate refuses anything outside it, and NaN, and leaves
the clock where it was. The field is read as UTC. Its dates are proleptic
Gregorian, as a Date is, so before 1582 they run up to ten days ahead of the
Julian-calendar dates history gives. The window is written beside
CLOCK_WINDOW, with the moons' shorter reach (Phobos 11 degrees out by 2100).

The system note now names the date it is drawn for, to the minute:
"... to 2020-12-21 18:00 UTC.", or "to now, <date> UTC." at the present.

Measured in the app (port 4311, keyboard only: fill, Enter):
- Set to 2020-12-21 18:00 UTC, Jupiter and Saturn seen from Earth's drawn
  position are 0.113 degrees apart. Horizons gives 0.102 geocentric
  (geometric 0.1017, astrometric 0.1018). Distances: 5.9267 and 10.8296 AU
  against Horizons' 5.9258 and 10.8270.
- 3001-06-01 is refused by the form (validity false) and the clock does not
  move.
- Backwards at 1 d/s: -2.011 days in about 2 s.
- The field's accessible name is "Date (UTC)" and its description is the
  window. Its colour-scheme is dark, so the picker icon shows on the HUD.
- Back to now puts the field back on the present too.

Unit suite 799 -> 805: two tests for the store, three for the dock, one for
the scene note. Eleven guarded mutants; each changed its file and made its
named test fail. Among them: the window check dropped, the wall clock not
re-anchored on a jump, the radio dropping the direction, the field read as
local time, and the note not naming the date.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 00:05:50 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 3392f06c85 Read a star's bolometric correction off its colour, and carry Gaia's G to V first
A star's luminosity was its absolute magnitude plus a bolometric correction read off its spectral
type, with its magnitude taken as V whatever band it was in. Gaia classifies none of its stars, so
all of its 379 000 got the Sun's correction, and their G was read as V: TRAPPIST-1 came out at a
seventh of its luminosity.

The dwarf sequence spectral.ts already reads types off (Pecaut & Mamajek 2013, table 5, online
version 2022.04.16) now carries its effective temperature, bolometric correction to V and Gaia
G-V columns, and dwarfSequenceAtColor interpolates them at a colour, in the colour's own system.
luminositySolar uses it wherever the star's colour is inside the table: the G magnitude is
carried to V, then corrected. Only without such a colour does it fall back to the spectral type,
as before.

Against the archive's own st_lum for the 1 449 hosts that are catalogue stars, the median error
goes from 0.038 to 0.022 dex and the 90th percentile from 0.292 to 0.115 dex; within a factor of
1.5, 84.5 % -> 93.8 %. For the 572 hosts Gaia describes: 90th percentile 0.332 -> 0.073 dex,
81.8 % -> 97.0 % within a factor of 1.5. Barnard's Star with no type now reads 0.0029 L_sun
against 0.0035 published, and TRAPPIST-1 7.3e-4 against 5.5e-4 (Agol et al. 2021).

Across the catalogue, 311 255 of 455 608 stars move by more than 10 % (median ratio 0.90: a
G-type star's G is 0.16 brighter than its V), and so do the hosts of 3 158 planets, whose
equilibrium temperatures follow as the fourth root.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 00:02:12 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 81a4ecfcde Name the columns stars-meta.bin gained in the README
The README listed the four columns stars-meta.bin had before a81dd49 added the photometry byte
(magnitude band, colour system, whether the distance is Gaia's) and the distance's relative
error.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:48:28 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 b46c840369 Warm every body by the microwave background too, so none reads colder than space
The derived equilibrium temperature balanced starlight alone. For the widest orbits that is less
than the 2.7 K every body in space is held at by the cosmic microwave background. The planet 7 493
AU from 2MASS J21252752-8138278 read "Equilibrium temp. 1 K", and the one 19 000 AU out from UCAC4
328-061594 would have read 0 K.

equilibriumTemperatureK now adds the background as a second source in the same balance, T^4 =
T_star^4 + (2.7255 K)^4 (Fixsen 2009). Inside a few hundred AU of any star it changes nothing that
shows: Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Neptune reproduce their published values as before. Across the
6 354 exoplanets, the rounded temperature changes for 11, all on orbits of 350 AU or more. Ten go
from 0, 1 or 2 K to 3 K, from VHS J125601.92-125723.9 b at 350 AU to UCAC4 328-061594 b at 19 000
AU, and 2MASS J22501512+2325342 b at 518 AU goes from 4 to 5 K. On the dev server, the detail
pages of the 7 493 AU planet and of GJ 900 b read "Equilibrium temp. 3 K".

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:47:15 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 1e3ac57229 Wrap a body's name on its card instead of cutting off the digits that tell it apart
The detail page and the system view's object card truncated the name and the line under it with
an ellipsis. For a designation, the part that went is the part that identifies it: the audit
measured "2MASS J21252752-8138278 b" at 288 px in a 256 px heading, shown as
"2MASS J21252752-81382…", and the eyebrow at 273 px, shown as "EXOPLANET · 2MASS J21252752-8138…".

Both lines now wrap (wrap-break-word) in both places. On the dev server the heading for that
planet is two lines, 45 px high, with its scroll width equal to its 256 px box, and the eyebrow
fits in 256 px.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:45:48 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 70cbdae306 Drop the "..." Hipparcos leaves on a spectral type, which read as the app cutting it short
2 127 stars, Sirius among them, read "Spectral type A0m...", in search rows, route options and
the star card. The mark is Hipparcos's own: every one of the 3 803 HYG rows ending in it has a HIP
number, and the catalogue ends a classification it does not print in full with it. The app
truncated nothing, but the text reads as if it had.

fetchStars now trims a trailing "..." from HYG's spectral types. The dictionary in
stars-index.json goes from 3 056 distinct types to 2 883, and from 598 dotted ones to none. The
names, sources and source indices are unchanged, and so is every other column of stars-meta.bin
bar the type indices. gzip -9 of the index goes from 4 015 865 to 4 015 205 bytes.

build.ts validateStars now fails a catalogue with any type ending in "...". Run with the trim
removed, the ETL failed on 2 127 such types. Two ETL runs from cache wrote identical
stars-meta.bin and stars-index.json.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:44:41 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 dc20accfdf Draw Saturn's rings in the system view, lit, at the radii their texture draws
Audit #47. The body page's rings already lie in Saturn's equator (76fb386),
but the system view drew Saturn as a bare sphere, and the page sized the rings
to 1.4-2.6 planet radii regardless of what saturn_ring.png draws where.

The strip runs straight out from its left edge to its right. Read off its
alpha, the C ring's inner edge (74 490 km) is at px 91 of 1 280, the B ring's
inner and outer edges (92 000 and 117 580 km) at 404.5 and 860, the A ring's
outer edge (136 775 km) at 1 204 and the F ring (140 180 km) at 1 267.5: one
scale of 55.9 km a pixel fits all five within 1.8 px, so the strip spans
69 400 to 141 000 km. Only the Cassini Division's outer edge misses, drawn
30 px (1 700 km) too far in. Sized to the brief's 74 500 and 140 220 km (the C
ring's inner edge and the F ring) instead, the B ring's inner edge would sit
3 300 km out.

saturnRing (texture-catalog.ts) now builds the rings for both views: flat in
the XZ plane of a sphere built round +Y, sized against the planet as drawn,
MeshStandardMaterial lit from both faces, the strip's own alpha as opacity
(the page used the texture as its own alphaMap too, multiplying its alpha by
its green channel, at 0.85 opacity). In the system view the ring is a child of
Saturn's marker, so the IAU pole turns it into the equator and the pixel floor
scales it with the planet; a ray through it picks Saturn (memberForObject
accepts a marker's child). On the page it now reaches 2.42 radii, not 2.6.
Jupiter's, Uranus's and Neptune's rings are left out: dark, narrow or dusty,
too faint to see at any scale drawn here.

Measured in the running app, the ring's opening to Earth against Horizons'
sub-Earth latitude on Saturn (planetodetic, taken back to planetocentric with
f = 0.09796): 26.963 against 26.966 degrees on 2017-10-16, 0.075 against
0.042 on 2025-03-23, the plane crossing, and -7.764 against -7.813 on
2026-09-24. The Sun stood 26.64, 0.70 and -7.50 degrees above the ring plane
on those dates. At the closest the system view allows, 0.05 AU, Saturn is
about 5 px in radius and its rings reach about 12 px; on the plane-crossing
date they vanish edge-on.

Tests: the three openings against frozen Horizons values and a pick through
the B ring (system-orbits-renderer.spec.ts); the rings' extent, their lying
in the sphere's equator, and the strip sampled outwards so its B ring starts
at 92 000 km and its A ring ends at 136 775 (texture-catalog.spec.ts). Unit
suite 792 -> 799 tests.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:42:48 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 302fa963ad Wrap seventeen moons and dwarf planets in the missions' own maps, grey where no probe looked
Audit #40. Io, Titan and Pluto had square disc photographs (40.5, 42.6 and
42.9% black sky) that PR #33 unlisted, and every other moon or dwarf planet
fell through to the derived surface. Seventeen of them are now wrapped in
public-domain global mosaics from USGS Astrogeology and the NASA PDS: Phobos
(Viking), Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto (Galileo and Voyager), Mimas,
Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Iapetus, Phoebe (Cassini), Triton
(Voyager 2), Ceres (Dawn), Pluto and Charon (New Horizons). io.jpg, titan.jpg
and pluto.jpg are replaced by maps under the same names.

Every file is simple cylindrical over 360 by 180 degrees, with longitude 0 in
the middle and east to the right, the frame MAP_TO_BODY puts on the IAU body
frame. Processing: the source's no-data pixels (0 in every band) become one
flat grey, the mean of the mapped surface, never invented terrain; area
downsampling to 2048x1024 for bodies over 1 000 km in radius and 1024x512
for the rest; half a turn where the source is centred on 180; JPEG q85
(Europa q82). Largest file 386 KB (Europa); 3.5 MB for all seventeen.

The centre was read from each GeoTIFF's central meridian and left-edge tie
point, not from its label: Rhea's and Enceladus's labels say CENTER_LONGITUDE
= 180 over images centred on 0. Taken from the label, Rhea came out half a
turn round, which the seam it left down the middle of the map gave away.
Each map was then checked by eye against the IAU Gazetteer: Pele and Loki on
Io, Pwyll on Europa, Osiris and Tros on Ganymede, Valhalla and Asgard on
Callisto, Herschel on Mimas, Ali Baba and Aladdin on Enceladus, Odysseus on
Tethys, Creusa on Dione, Inktomi on Rhea, Xanadu, Shangri-La and Belet on
Titan, Cassini Regio on Iapetus, Jason on Phoebe, Occator and Haulani on
Ceres, Stickney on Phobos, Sputnik Planitia and Cthulhu on Pluto, Mordor
Macula on Charon, Leviathan Patera on Triton.

Unmapped share, now grey: Triton 38.6%, Charon 34.0%, Pluto 31.9%, Phoebe
20.4%, the Galilean polar gaps 3.6-4.3%, Ceres's south pole 3.6%, the rest
under 0.2%. Pixels darker than 8 of 255: at most 0.55% (Charon's Mordor
Macula, Pluto's Cthulhu), against the 20-43% black sky of the photographs
PR #33 dropped.

Left out, and said so in src/assets/textures/README.md: Deimos, whose only
cylindrical map (Stooke, Viking) has no label for its longitude direction and
on which neither Voltaire nor Swift could be found to settle it; the five
Uranian moons, whose only maps (Schenk 2020, USRA) carry no licence; Hyperion,
Nereid, Proteus, Eris, Haumea and Makemake, which have no photographic
simple-cylindrical map.

Source URLs, credits, licences, processing and each measurement are in the new
src/assets/textures/README.md; the root README now points there and counts
twenty-seven bodies in real photography. texture-catalog.spec.ts checks that
the seventeen are registered and that Deimos, the Uranian moons, Hyperion and
Eris are not. Unit suite 790 -> 792 tests.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:41:28 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 5333be615e Estimate a spectral type from each star's colour where no catalogue gives one, and say so
383 695 of the 455 608 stars read "Spectral type Unknown", every Gaia star among them, although
380 884 of them carry a colour. The card now gives those the type of the dwarf whose colour is
nearest, in the colour's own system, marked as an estimate: TRAPPIST-1, BP-RP 4.90, reads
"Spectral type ~M8, from colour", which is how it was classified (M8 V). A star with neither a
type nor a colour gets no subtitle rather than the literal "Unknown".

The colours are Pecaut & Mamajek's mean dwarf sequence (2013, ApJS 208, 9, table 5), as Mamajek
maintains it online (version 2022.04.16, which carries Gaia BP-RP), from B0 to M8.5. B-V cannot
tell O types apart (the whole sequence spans 0.03 of it), and BP-RP turns back past M8.5 and is
tabulated only from B9. A colour outside the table gets no estimate: 186 BP-RP and 41 B-V colours,
among them the blue Gaia DR3 5612323414549657984 at BP-RP -0.15.

380 657 stars get an estimate: F 97 840, G 144 327, K 105 984, M 29 142, A 3 272, B 92. Checked
against catalogued types:
- 19 433 HYG dwarfs with a B-V: 74.3 % within two subclasses, 95.5 % within five.
- 146 Gaia exoplanet hosts the archive types as dwarfs, from BP-RP: 88.4 % within two
  subclasses, 98.6 % within five.
The estimate assumes a dwarf, so a giant reads later than it is (Pollux, K0 III at B-V 0.99,
reads K3). It also ignores reddening. The comment says both.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:28:29 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 a81dd491ad Say which band each star was measured in, whose catalogue it is, and how sure its distance is
The readout named Hipparcos, Yale and Gliese while 378 775 of the 455 608 stars are described by
Gaia DR3, printed one "Magnitude" for G and V alike, and gave every distance to the parsec. The
band cannot be read off the star's source, which records whose position it has: 62 002 stars Gaia
places keep HYG's V and B-V, and the 575 hosts renamed after their planets are Gaia's, in G.

stars-meta.bin gains two byte columns, 14 to 16 bytes a star (6 378 512 to 7 289 728 bytes; gzip
-9 2 804 049 to 3 110 991). One holds the magnitude's band (V 76 555 stars, G 378 744, none 309,
whose magnitude is a stand-in), which colour the colour index is (B-V 75 203, BP-RP 376 703), and
whether the distance is Gaia's parallax. The other holds the distance's relative error as its
square root in 255ths: a step is 0.08 % of distance at 1 %, 0.35 % at 20 %, and 100 % is the top.
encode, decode, BYTES_PER_STAR_META and the build.ts round trip cover both; no workflow reads the
format.

Where the errors come from:
- Gaia rows keep the parallax_error their query already fetched: median 0.3 %, 90th percentile
  1.2 %, at most 20 %, the query's own cut.
- A HYG star at Gaia's distance takes the cross-match's parallax_over_error, and a star merged
  into a Gaia entry keeps that entry's error with its position.
- The 3 067 Hipparcos stars that keep their Hipparcos distance, Rigel, Deneb and Alnilam among
  them, take e_plx from van Leeuwen's 2007 reduction: a new cached query of
  public.hipparcos_newreduction on the ESA archive, whose 117 955 rows HYG's distances invert.
- The archive's stars take sy_disterr1/2 from pscomppars, in a query and cache file of their own
  so the composite rows already cached were not refetched.
- 439 distances have no published error: 357 Gliese rows and 82 archive hosts.

Of the errors, 392 786 are 1 % or less and are not printed; 61 156 print as "117 ± 12 pc" to the
distance's own digits; 1 196 between 20 and 100 %, and 30 past it, print as the range the
parallax gives, since a symmetric error in parallax is a lopsided one in distance.

The star card (measured on the dev server) now reads, for example:
- Rigel: 265 ± 23 pc, V 0.18, B-V -0.03, source HYG.
- Deneb: 433 ± 60 pc.
- Alnilam: "476 pc to 833 pc" (Hipparcos 1.65 ± 0.45 mas).
- Gaia DR3 5612323414549657984: 111 ± 2 pc, G 4.63, BP-RP -0.15, source Gaia DR3.
- Proxima Centauri: 1.30 pc, V 11.01, source "HYG, Gaia DR3 distance".
- TRAPPIST-1: G 15.62, BP-RP 4.90, source Gaia DR3.
- Kepler-186: V 15.14, source NASA Exoplanet Archive.
The neighbourhood's subtitle reads "Gaia DR3 378,775 · HYG 73,556 · NASA Exoplanet Archive
3,277", counted by the catalogue describing each star.

build.ts validateStars now fails a catalogue with more than 1 000 stars without a band (309
today) or without a distance error (439). Dropping G from the Gaia rows gave 379 040 without a
band, and dropping their parallax_error gave 441 216 without an error; both runs failed.

Decoding the catalogue in Node took a median 29 ms before and 24 ms after (nine runs each, within
noise). In the app, five cold boots gave a 654-786 ms long task after the data landed and the
HUD at 1.83-2.07 s.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 23:26:27 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 76fb38665f Show each body on its page turned as it is at the map's date, under its real Sun
The body page used to spin every body about its pole at 0.08 radians a second, under a light at
(4, 3, 5) whatever the date. A body with IAU elements is now drawn as it is at the map's clock,
using the same pole, prime meridian and map convention as the system view. It is shown pole up
under a Sun held at the light's old azimuth, so the camera still opens on the day side. The Sun's
height above the equator is the real one, and so is the face it lights. The clock's rate now
turns the page too: at 1 h/s Earth's sub-solar point moved 15.17 degrees in the 1.012 h of sky
one wall second carried. What the page gives up is the stars, which do not turn with the body.

bodyPageView in src/app/shared/rendering/body-orientation.ts takes the Sun's direction from where
the body is: a planet's own mean elements, a moon's planet's place plus its own offset. It sets
the sphere's rotation and the light's direction. Exoplanets, Eris, Haumea and Makemake keep the
old slow turn and light.

Saturn's rings now lie flat in its equator, the page's horizontal. They used to lean 17 degrees,
which put them out of the plane they orbit in.

Measured:
- Live app, clock pinned to 2025-06-01 12:00 UTC: the Sun stands over 0.433 W, 22.125 N on
  Earth's page, the same point as on its sphere in the system view.
- Unit test, raycast on the page's own sphere: Earth one light-time earlier is 0.09 degrees from
  Horizons' sub-solar longitude. Its latitude, put on the flattened Earth, is within 0.03.
- The Moon's sub-solar point is within 0.004 of Horizons'.
Three mutants each fail their named test: a moon lit as if it had no planet; the Sun not held at
the page's azimuth; the body left in the ICRF instead of the page's frame.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:50:26 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 cdf474bcd5 Turn every body in the system view by its IAU pole and prime meridian, so the lit face is the real one
Until now each body's axis was its orbit normal, tipped by the obliquity about the orbit's node,
an azimuth the data never gave. Its phase started at an arbitrary point at the elements' epoch.
The rate and the sense were real; the face towards the Sun was not. Now each of the 33 bodies with
IAU elements is set, every tick, from its pole and its W at the clock's date. Eris, Haumea and
Makemake keep the old fallback: their published period, about their orbit normal. None of them
has an obliquity, so the tilt code that only served bodies now turned by the IAU is gone.
Exoplanets have no rotation published and stay still, as before.

The texture convention is settled once, in src/app/shared/rendering/body-orientation.ts (MAP_TO_BODY):
- SphereGeometry runs u eastward about +Y from a seam on -X, so u = 0.5 faces +X.
- Every photograph in the catalogue is centred on longitude 0 with east to the right. Checked on
  the maps: Greenwich; Olympus Mons 134 degrees left of centre; Mare Crisium right and Mare
  Orientale left; Kuiper just left.
- A map labelled in west longitude is still drawn east-right, so where longitude 0 sits is the
  only question, and for all of them it is the centre.
- So a quarter turn about X puts the map on the IAU body frame: pole +Z, prime meridian +X.

The scene is already ICRF equatorial (the ecliptic is turned into it by the J2000 obliquity), so
the pole goes in as it is. The equator frame is built through laplacePlaneToEquatorial, the same
conversion the moons' Laplace planes use; moonFrame now calls it too. The clock is UTC and the
elements TDB, so TT - UTC (69.184 s) is added: Earth turns 0.29 degrees in that time, Jupiter 0.70
and Phobos 0.90.

Measured on the live app (port 4311), clock pinned to 2025-06-01 12:00 UTC:
- The Sun stands over 0.433 W, 22.125 N on Earth's drawn sphere. The equation of time puts it at
  0.53 W.
- Each body was drawn one light-time earlier and compared with Horizons' observer quantities 14
  and 15:
  - Earth (from the Sun): longitude 0.095 off.
  - Mars: sub-Earth 0.001, sub-solar 0.004.
  - Jupiter: sub-Earth 0.005, sub-solar 0.002.
  - The Moon: sub-solar 0.004; sub-Earth 0.699, which is the error of its mean orbit.
- Horizons' latitudes are planetodetic. Raw, they differ by the flattening: Earth 0.14, Mars
  0.23-0.27, Jupiter 0.33, the Moon (a sphere) 0.000.

The unit tests put the same comparison through real raycasts on the drawn spheres' texture
coordinates, with the latitudes put on each body's flattened figure. Every residual is within
0.09 degrees, but for the Moon's sub-Earth point (0.70 and 0.09).

The retrograde tests of #33 are rewritten for the IAU's convention: a planet's named pole is
the one on the north side, so W runs backwards for Venus and Uranus, while Pluto follows the
right-hand rule. The spin read off the drawn sphere, against the drawn orbit's normal, is 177.36
for Venus, 97.77 for Uranus and 119.61 for Pluto, all past 90, and 23.44 for Earth. Each is
within 0.5 of Horizons.

Six mutants, each failing its named test: the map upside down; UTC taken for TDB (Jupiter's
test); W turned the wrong way (the retrograde test, and again Earth's noon test); moons, or
planets, not turned by the IAU; and the fallback ignoring a negative period.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:48:05 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 1c86584642 Carry every body's IAU rotational elements, read from NAIF's kernel of the 2015 report
bodies.json now holds, for 33 of the 38 bodies, the pole right ascension and declination and the
prime meridian W of the IAU WGCCRE 2015 report (Archinal et al. 2018), with their rates and the
periodic terms. They are read from NAIF's pck00011.tpc, which carries the report in a form a
program can read, periodic terms and their angles included. Hyperion (chaotic), Nereid, Eris,
Haumea and Makemake have no model in the report.

The parser, src/app/shared/astro/rotational-elements.ts, sits beside the other source readers so
the unit suite covers it. It reads data blocks only where \begindata stands alone on a line, as
the kernel's own prose mentions the token mid-sentence. It reads the Fortran exponent (the Moon's
-1.4D-12 d² term) and the degree-2 angles of the Mars system, where Phobos's tidal acceleration
lives. NAIF numbers a small body 2 000 000 past its catalogue number, so Ceres is 2000001.

Periodic terms under 0.01 degrees are left out. 0.01 degrees moves a point by 0.11 px on the
largest body ever drawn (Jupiter at 641 px of radius). That drops 32 terms:
- Mercury: 4 (0.0011 degrees and less)
- the Moon: 8 of 13 (0.0072 and less)
- Mars: 13 (0.00024 and less); its three 0.42-1.59 degree long-period terms stay
- Phobos: 1 (0.0063)
- Jupiter: 5 (0.0022 and less)
- Europa: 1 (0.009)
Kept, among others: Mimas's 44.85-degree libration, Triton's 32-degree precession, Miranda's 4.4
and Phobos's 1.14-degree libration.

build.ts now checks the elements against Horizons on the real catalogue:
- Every body but those five carries elements, and they do not.
- The IAU day, 360 over W's rate, is within 1e-4 of Horizons' period. Measured: at most 1.8e-5
  (Jupiter). Neptune gets a 0.01 ceiling: 0.89 per cent, because the report takes Karkoschka's
  15.9663 h where Horizons keeps Voyager's 16.11.
- The spin axis, the pole turned end for end where W runs backwards, is within 0.1 degrees of
  Horizons' obliquity. Measured: at most 0.058 (Venus, 177.358 against 177.3); Uranus 97.771,
  Pluto 119.610, Earth 23.435.
Full npm run etl passes. Three mutants each fail it on the named check:
- W's sign dropped: "Venus's IAU spin axis is 2.642 degrees".
- Ceres looked up by catalogue number: "Body ceres has no IAU rotational elements".
- W's rate read per century: "Mercury's IAU day ... 3.65e+4".

Nothing is drawn from these yet.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:46:14 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 ab7d454db1 Read Mercury's obliquity in the arcminutes its Horizons page gives it in
Mercury's page states "Obliquity to orbit[1] = 2.11' +/- 0.1'", in arcminutes, where every other
page writes degrees. The pattern took the number alone, so bodies.json had Mercury tilted 2.11
degrees, sixty times too far, and the system view drew it that way. It now reads the arcminute
mark and divides by 60: 0.0352 degrees, against the 0.034 the IAU's pole for Mercury makes with
its orbit.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:09:36 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 4c8e4a02f3 Give every planet with a distance a star, from the archive where the catalogue has none
After matching, 4 237 planets still had no star: their hosts are too faint for either Gaia
query (fainter than G 12 past 50 pc) or too far (past 250 pc), Kepler-186 at 177.6 pc among
them. fetchExoplanets now adds one star per such host from the archive's own figures, 3 277
of them, whenever the archive gives a position and a distance:

- position carried back from J2016, where the archive publishes it (741 of the 746 matched
  hosts moving over 100 mas/yr sit nearer their star carried back, a median 0.11" against 3.47"
  as published), and placed at sy_dist;
- magnitude in V (2 999 hosts), else Gaia G (13), the band the catalogue's Gaia stars are
  already in; 265 have neither, 128 KMT, 95 OGLE and 32 MOA microlensing hosts at a median
  6.2 kpc among them, and take the ETL's faint stand-in of 15;
- colour as B-V from the archive's B and V, else from st_teff through a new
  temperatureToColorIndex (Ballesteros 2012, inverted; the Sun's 5 772 K gives 0.65), else
  left to st_spectype;
- ids from 1 070 000 000, past Gaia's two ranges and under the 2^30 validateStars enforces;
  source "exoplanet-archive".

Hosts past 250 pc are included: 399 of the 3 277 are within 250 pc, 1 962 between 250 pc and
1 kpc, 916 beyond. The drawn budget still chooses what is drawn (70 000 of 455 608).

Planets with a star: 2 090 -> 6 327 of 6 354. The other 27 have no distance in either table
(Luhman 16 A, mu2 Sco, PSR B1620-26 among them). Systems in the Solar Neighbourhood readout:
1 450 -> 4 736. validateExoplanets now refuses a catalogue where fewer than 99.5 % of planets
have a host (measured 99.58 %); dropping the added stars fails it at 2 090, and dropping the
composite fill at 6 227. No added star sits within an arcsecond of a catalogue star
(validateMerge's twins stay at 23); 5 of the 399 within 250 pc have one within a minute of arc,
VHS J125601.92-125723.9 (archive 12.7 pc) 5.8" from a Gaia entry at 21.2 pc the likeliest
duplicate.

In the app, searching TRAPPIST-1 or Kepler-186 and picking the star enters a system with its
seven and five planets drawn. gzip -9: stars.bin 5 030 741 -> 5 067 864 B, stars-meta.bin 2 784 614 -> 2 804 064,
stars-index.json 4 003 584 -> 4 015 882, exoplanets.json 342 467 -> 446 532 (host parameters,
both commits).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:09:16 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 494fb5616b Find the hosts the catalogue already holds, and name them after their planets' star
The archive's default-parameter rows leave sy_dist blank for 100 planets, TRAPPIST-1's seven
among them, so the matcher could not place a host the catalogue had drawn since the Gaia
nearby query (Gaia DR3 2635476908753563008, 12.47 pc). fetchExoplanets now also reads the
Planetary Systems Composite table (pscomppars) and fills a default row's blank host cells from
it. Only host columns: a composite row takes each column from its own reference, so orbits
still come from the default row alone, one fit per planet. Where both tables give a distance or
a position they agree on all 6 225 and 6 352 rows.

Three hosts the catalogue holds by name failed the distance ratio test because the archive's
sy_dist, from TICv8, contradicts its own parallax: Lalande 21185 (GJ 411) 5.68 pc against
392 mas, Luyten's Star (GJ 273) 5.92 against 263 mas, Struve 2398 B (Gl 725 B) 6.84 against
285 mas. resolveHostStarId now takes the archive's parallax (sy_plx) as a second distance the
ratio test accepts. It is a second chance, not a replacement: 47 of 5 959 systems disagree past
the tolerance, and for faint far hosts the inverse parallax is the worse figure (K2-238: 538 pc
by sy_dist, 6 779 by parallax).

Planets on a catalogue star: 2 071 -> 2 090 of 6 354. The 19 gained are TRAPPIST-1 (7),
GJ 273 (2), GJ 411 (2), Gl 725 B, HD 62509 (Pollux), K2-65, TOI-2267 A and B, and two
brown-dwarf hosts, 2MASS J02192210-3925225 and DENIS-P J082303.1-491201. No planet lost or
changed its host.

A matched host whose catalogue name is a bare Gaia designation now takes the archive's host
name, so search finds TRAPPIST-1, Teegarden's Star, TOI-700, LP 791-18 and K2-18: 575 stars
renamed. validateExoplanets refuses a host that is still only a designation, and the star
assets are rewritten after the exoplanets for that reason; stars.bin and stars-meta.bin are
unchanged. TOI-2267 A and B both land on one Gaia entry, which takes the name TOI-2267 A.

Each planet also carries its host's radius, effective temperature and luminosity (10^st_lum),
and a mass for 6 344 planets instead of 5 474, from the default row where it gives one and the
composite table otherwise, for the star-physics step.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 22:02:56 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 1d42be2ad5 Add Charon, the moons of Uranus, Saturn's other large moons and the four dwarf planets past Pluto's table
The solar system stopped at 18 bodies: Pluto without Charon, Uranus without a moon, Saturn with
Titan alone, no dwarf planet but Pluto (audit #22). bodies.json now holds 38: the eight planets,
the five IAU dwarf planets, and every moon in JPL's mean-element table more than 100 km in mean
radius. New: Ceres, Eris, Haumea, Makemake; Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Hyperion,
Iapetus, Phoebe; Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, Oberon; Nereid, Proteus; Charon. Search finds
each by name (it indexes bodies.json), each has a body page, and the Sun's system draws them.

Where they come from
- Moons: the same archived JPL satellite table as the others. Uranus's and Pluto's are given
  against the planet's equator, with the IAU WGCCRE 2015 poles: Pluto's as the IAU gives it
  (132.993, -6.163), Uranus's at the end the table measures inclinations from (77.311, 15.175)
  with its nodes counted 180 degrees on, from the IAU pole's crossing; read without that offset
  every Uranian moon was 180 degrees from Horizons at every date from 1980 to 2100.
- Two rows are corrected where they disagree with JPL's own ephemeris and the reason is known.
  Pluto's section prints epoch 2000 Jan 1.0; JPL's current table gives Charon's as 2000-01-01.5,
  and at 1.0 Charon was 27.8-28.2 degrees from Horizons at every date, half a day of its motion.
  Phoebe's mean motion gives 548.02 days where its Horizons page and the current table give
  550.30 (the table's own note says its source misstated retrograde moons' mean motions); on the
  row's figure Phoebe was 24.6 degrees out by 2025 and 100 by 2075.
- Dwarf planets: JPL SBDB osculating heliocentric elements with their epoch (2026 Jun 9), carried
  at their own n. Against Horizons (heliocentric, 1950-2300; the clock only runs forward from now):
  Ceres 0.02 degrees in 2025, 1.9 in 2050, 4.0 in 2075, 5.3 in 2100, 11.6 in 2200 (Jupiter pulls
  on it and nothing here carries that); Eris within 0.06 to 2100 and 0.5 to 2300; Haumea within
  0.35 to 2100; Makemake within 0.25 to 2100 and 1.7 by 2200.
- Size and spin: Horizons pages for the moons (Charon 606 km, Miranda 235.7 as the mean of its
  three axes). The SBDB for Ceres (469.7 km, 9.074 h) and for the other three's spins (Eris 25.9 h,
  Haumea 3.915 h, Makemake 22.83 h). Neither source nor the WGCCRE 2015 report has a radius for
  Eris, Haumea or Makemake, so each carries its stellar-occultation measurement: Eris 1163 km
  (Sicardy et al. 2011), Makemake 715 (Brown 2013, the mean of 1434 x 1434 x 1422 km), and
  Haumea 797.6, the radius of a sphere of its volume: it is triaxial, 1161 x 852 x 513 km
  (Ortiz et al. 2017), and is drawn as that sphere.
- Rotation uses the branch's model. Every moon is locked except three: Hyperion's page says
  "Chaotic" and Nereid's gives no spin, so both are left still; Phoebe turns in 9.274 h.
- Charon carries massRatio 0.12205, the GM ratio of the two Horizons pages (106.10 / 869.326), so
  it and Pluto are drawn round their barycentre 2 131 km from Pluto's centre.

Validators (tools/etl/build.ts, on the real catalogue; full npm run etl passes)
- Offsets from Horizons on 2025-01-01, new bodies: dwarf planets at most 0.016 degrees (Ceres),
  under the 0.25 ceiling; moons Dione 0.009, Ariel 0.058, Rhea 0.070, Charon 0.111, Oberon 0.142,
  Titania 0.185, Umbriel 0.219, Proteus 0.245, Enceladus 0.309, Phoebe 0.984, Miranda 1.162,
  Tethys 2.042, under the 2.5 ceiling, which is unchanged.
- Four moons get their own ceiling, each just above its worst offset at twelve dates from 1980
  to 2100 and each named with its reason: Mimas 46 (measured up to 44.7: its resonance with
  Tethys swings its longitude 44 degrees either way over 70.8 years, which the table has no
  column for), Hyperion 21 (20.2; held in resonance by Titan, and the row's eccentricity 0.0232
  is under a quarter of the current table's 0.105), Iapetus 11 (10.1; the row sits 9.4 degrees
  behind Horizons at its own epoch and keeps that, with its plane within 0.07 degrees and its
  period within 0.001 per cent), Nereid 3 (2.6 in 2025; eccentricity 0.75).
- New checks: every body has a radius over 0 (Charon's would have been 0 before the page
  parser learnt its form); a freely spinning moon is not locked; a moon with a mass ratio puts
  the barycentre outside its planet; there are 5 dwarf planets.
- Negative controls, each a full npm run etl on the real catalogue refused with the named
  message: Uranus's node offset removed (Miranda 172.50 degrees), Charon at the printed epoch
  (28.08), Phoebe on the row's mean motion (24.61), Charon's radius unread (no radius),
  free spinners locked (Hyperion), mass ratio inverted (barycentre 17 460 km out).

Measured in the running app (port 4311): the Sun's system has 38 members ("13 + 25 moons");
Charon comes back to within 0.0004 degrees of where it started after 6.38723 days and is 179.98
degrees round after half that; Pluto is 2 130.6 km from the barycentre and Charon 17 456.8,
exactly opposite; Saturn's moons in order of distance now: Mimas 185 617 km, Enceladus 238 042,
Tethys 294 648, Dione 376 805, Rhea 526 964, Titan 1 231 389, Hyperion 1 470 453, Iapetus
3 637 059, Phoebe 11 740 900. At the arrival framing the dwarf planets are held at the 3 px
floor and the moons at 1.5 px, half their planet's drawn radius, the scene's existing rule.
Searching Charon, Enceladus, Ceres, Titania, Makemake and Phoebe each finds the body; the body
pages show Charon 6.39 d and 606 km, Titania 8.71 d, Ceres 4.6 yr and 470 km, Haumea 283 yr and
798 km, Hyperion 21.3 d, each with its orbit source. Long tasks on entering: see the previous
commit.

The Sun's note now says the four dwarf planets are on the SBDB's osculating elements. Holding
Eris's orbit, the arrival framing widens: 192 AU of range on a 1600 x 1000 window, under the
200 AU ceiling.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 21:54:56 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 de34ffff43 Paint a system's derived surfaces after entering it, not while building it
Every body with no photograph gets a surface derived from its measurements, a 128 by 64 texture
painted on the main thread as its marker was built, inside the task that enters the system. At
about 4.4 ms each (measured in node for the twenty the next commit adds, 88 ms together), that is
the cost that grows with the number of bodies: with the solar system at 38 bodies, the long tasks
after selectStar(0) were [219, 72], [228, 79] and [177, 72] ms over three runs, against [85, 72],
[94, 75] and [78, 67] at 18.

buildMarker now gives such a body its kind's flat colour and hands the painting to the renderer,
which paints one surface per task (setTimeout 0) once the constructor has returned, and drops the
rest if the system is left first. Measured in the running app (port 4311, three runs each, long
tasks over 50 ms in the 9 s after entering the Sun's system):

- 18 bodies: [79], [73], [77] ms. The task that entered the system is under 50 ms.
- 38 bodies: [55, 72], [69, 78], [60, 83], and [52, 78] on a fourth run. The entering task is
  52-69 ms, down from 78-94 before this change with 18 bodies, so the twenty new bodies add no
  long task over what the branch had. What they still add to it is not measured apart.

The flat colour shows for a moment: the Sun's 29 derived surfaces were all painted 436, 689 and
399 ms after its renderer was built (three runs), and a surface once painted is cached, so a
return visit paints them at once.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 21:52:32 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 7b65ab4812 Draw a planet and a heavy moon going round their barycentre, as Pluto and Charon do
Standish's "Pluto" is the Pluto-Charon barycentre, and Charon is an eighth of Pluto's mass, so
that point lies 2 131 km from Pluto's centre, 943 km above its surface. Drawn the usual way, with
Pluto at its row's position and Charon going round it, Pluto sits where nothing is and Charon's
orbit is 2 131 km too wide on one side.

A moon record can now carry massRatio, its mass over its planet's. For such a moon the renderer
keeps the pivot at the planet's elements, which is the barycentre, and each tick puts the planet
massRatio / (1 + massRatio) of the relative separation back from it and the moon the rest out.
Both orbits are the relative ellipse scaled, the moon's by 1 / (1 + q) and the planet's by
-q / (1 + q), turned with the moon's node every tick: Charon's spans 17 460 km of radius and
Pluto's 2 131, round the same point, and neither passes through Pluto. Only Charon will carry it;
every other moon's barycentre is inside its planet.

Checked against Horizons in the unit suite, on JPL's records for the two: Pluto (999) from the
Pluto-system barycentre (9) in 2100 is 2 131.24 km out, and the renderer puts it within 5 km of
that length and 0.5 degrees of that direction, exactly opposite Charon at the inverse of their
mass ratio; Charon from Pluto is within 0.5 degrees of Horizons in 2100 (measured 0.37). The same
table adds Titania, against Uranus's equator 120 years from its 1980 epoch, within 0.75 (measured
0.62).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 21:49:47 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 b0d7989c6f Read moons given against their planet's equator, and dwarf planets from the Small-Body Database
Two sources the missing bodies need, read and tested before any body uses them.

JPL's satellite table gives Uranus's and Pluto's moons against the planet's equator ("Mean
equatorial orbital elements") rather than a Laplace plane, and does not print that equator's
pole. parseSatelliteMeanElements now takes the pole from its caller for such a section and reads
the row against it exactly as against a Laplace plane's; it throws if a section is equatorial and
no pole was given, or a pole was given for a section that is not. Read as ecliptic elements, which
is what the old code would have done, Titania is 88 degrees from Horizons on 2025-01-01. The
section's plane is now the nearest heading above the row, with the ecliptic as before where there
is none.

Ceres, Eris, Haumea and Makemake are in none of Standish's tables. parseSmallBodyElements reads a
JPL SBDB answer (sbdb.api?sstr=...&phys-par=1&full-prec=1): the osculating heliocentric elements
against the J2000 ecliptic, carried round at their own n with nothing turning, and half the
published diameter and the rotation period where the answer has them. full-prec matters: without
it SBDB rounds to three figures, Ceres's n to 0.214 degrees a day for 0.2143045, 1.1 degrees out
within a decade. The fetcher, tools/etl/lib/mean-elements.ts, caches the answer like the others.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 21:47:55 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 c01d3ec2bc Read OpenNGC's addendum, so the Pleiades and the Large Magellanic Cloud are on the map
OpenNGC keeps the objects no NGC or IC number covers in a second file, addendum.csv, with the
same 32 semicolon-separated columns as NGC.csv. The ETL only ever fetched NGC.csv, so the
brightest deep-sky object in the sky, the Large Magellanic Cloud (V 0.29), was missing while
the Small one was drawn, and so were the Pleiades (M45), the Hyades, the Horsehead and the
Coalsack. fetchDeepSky now fetches the addendum beside NGC.csv, caches it as
openngc-addendum.csv, and runs its rows through the same loop.

Of its 64 rows, 27 pass the existing filters: all 22 named or Messier rows except M40, which
OpenNGC types as a double star, and M102, typed as a duplicate of M101; plus seven anonymous
open clusters brighter than V 9 (H05, H20, H21, Mel071, Mel101, Mel105, MWSC3171). deepsky.json
goes from 463 to 490 objects (galaxies 73 -> 85, clusters 294 -> 306, nebulae 96 -> 99), with
no existing record changed. Messier coverage goes from 106 to 107 of 110. 340 of the 490 have
a distance: the Pleiades 135.8 pc and the Coma Star Cluster 85.9 pc from their parallaxes;
the Hyades and the Local Group dwarfs honestly have none.

validateDeepSky now requires the Andromeda Galaxy and the Small Magellanic Cloud from NGC.csv,
the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Pleiades from the addendum, and at least 107 Messier
objects. Both checks were run against the real catalogue with the addendum removed: the ETL
fails on "Deep-sky object ESO056-115 is missing", and with the required list emptied, on
"Only 106 Messier objects were produced".

In the app, on the dev server: 490 sprites. The Pleiades sprite lies 0.00182 deg from Alcyone
(0.00183 deg from the published coordinates); the LMC 18.4209 deg from Canopus and 26.8215 deg
from Achernar (18.4209 and 26.8215 published); the Hyades 2.2591 deg from Aldebaran (2.2591).
The twelve labelled deep-sky objects now open with the Large Magellanic Cloud and the
Pleiades and include Brocchi's Cluster, in place of h Persei, chi Persei and NGC 2516.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 20:59:39 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 cdc0cf4678 Read the Horizons pages the missing moons are written in, and give triaxial bodies their mean radius
The pages of the moons this branch is about to add state their size and spin in forms the ETL
did not read. Charon's gives "Radius (km, IAU2015) = 606", which none of the radius patterns
matched, so it would have come out at radius 0. Phoebe's gives "Rotational period = 9h 16.438 m",
which the hours-or-days pattern read as 9 hours flat instead of 9.274. Pluto's and the moons' GMs
are now read too ("GM (planet) km^3/s^2 = 869.326" on Pluto's page, "GM (km^3/s^2) = 106.10" on
Charon's), for placing a pair's barycentre.

Miranda and Ariel, like Phobos and Deimos already, give three semi-axes, "240x234.2x232.9". The
first figure was taken as the radius, which is the longest axis. A triaxial body now gets the
radius of the sphere of its volume, the cube root of the product, which is how the IAU states a
mean radius. That changes two bodies already shipped: Phobos 13.1 -> 11.06 km (IAU 11.08) and
Deimos 7.8 -> 6.20 km (IAU 6.2). Nothing else in bodies.json moves.

The page parsers move from tools/etl/lib/horizons.ts to src/app/shared/astro/horizons-page.ts,
as the mean-element parsers did, so the unit suite runs their tests; the ETL imports them. A
small body's command ("1;" for Ceres) is now URL-encoded: sent raw, the semicolon made Horizons
refuse the request ("one or more query parameter was not recognized").

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 20:41:22 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 74b93a0428 Fill in the Sun's faint neighbours from Gaia, and fold the Gliese entries they repeat
Gaia's G < 12 cut took a quarter of what lies within 10 pc: the red,
brown and white dwarfs most of the neighbourhood is made of, which the
map only had where Gliese happened to list them. Teegarden's Star was
missing, and with it its three planets' host.

A second query fetches the complement out to 50 pc: G >= 12 or no G,
parallax > 20 mas, with pmra/pmdec so the J2016 -> J2000 propagation
applies. The quality filter was chosen by counting. Parallax over error
> 5 keeps 39 751 of the 39 764 sources that pass the floor, but the Gaia
Catalogue of Nearby Stars (GCNS; Gaia Collaboration, Smart et al. 2021)
rejects 11 752 of them as spurious: median G 20.2, astrometric excess
noise 5.4 mas against 0.15 for the ones it keeps, 6 933 toward the
Galactic centre. So the query joins the GCNS main table (EDR3 astrometry
and source ids, which DR3 carries unchanged) and keeps 28 012 rows; the
error cut stays and costs no GCNS source, brown dwarfs included. The
query has its own row-count floor (28 012) and the row-limit cap, and is
ordered by (phot_g_mean_mag, source_id); a second ETL run reproduced
stars.bin, stars-meta.bin and stars-index.json byte for byte. Its ids
start at 1 050 000 000, clear of the main query's and under 2^30, which
V8 keeps unboxed: numbered from 2 000 000 000 they made the app's boot
task 230 ms longer (medians of five interleaved runs, 1.41 s against
1.18). validateStars now refuses an id outside 0 to 2^30.

The Gliese entries these stars duplicate were not folded: HYG carries
them with positions off by up to a minute of arc and photometric
distances, so they missed the 15" tolerance or failed the distance test.
Their proper motions, which Gliese measured well, give them away:
isSameStar now takes two entries moving within 20 % of each other as one
star up to 60" apart, whatever their distances, brightness still
permitting. Of the 602 Gliese-only rows left without a counterpart, 253
have such a Gaia entry; with every entry shifted a quarter degree, none
does. fetchStars passes HYG's motions only for rows without Hipparcos
astrometry: given them too, 15 Hipparcos stars took a co-moving
companion's Gaia entry and the cross-catalogue pairs under an arcsecond
went from 23 to 35. Of HYG's 1 200 stars fainter than V 12 within 25 pc,
1 024 now sit on a Gaia position (325 before); of the 176 left alone, 43
still have a Gaia entry 3-60" away (218 without the motion rule), some of
them real companions.

Measured on the rebuilt catalogue, against the GCNS (sources with
parallax > 100, 40 and 20 mas):
  within 10 pc  336 -> 372  (GCNS 312; the map adds 60 HYG-only stars)
  within 25 pc  3 652 -> 5 560  (GCNS 5 111)
  within 50 pc  13 702 -> 40 916  (GCNS 40 231)
452 331 stars (+27 214). Proxima, Barnard's Star, Wolf 359, Rigel, Deneb
and Alnilam are all present by name; Teegarden's Star is Gaia DR3
35227046884571776 at 3.83 pc and hosts its three planets. Luhman 16 is
not in Gaia DR3 with a parallax (5353626573555863424 has a two-parameter
solution) and stays absent. 94 more exoplanets find a host (2 071), none
changes host. TRAPPIST-1 is now drawn (Gaia DR3 2635476908753563008,
12.47 pc) but its planets are not yet matched to it.

Merge gate, ceilings unchanged: HYG rows without a Gaia counterpart
12 352 -> 11 554 (ceiling 15 000; 10 886 before the naked-eye stars),
cross-catalogue pairs under an arcsecond 23 -> 23 (ceiling 100). The
gate's comment now accounts for the survivors by magnitude.

gzip -9 sizes against the catalogue before both changes: stars.bin
4 711 922 -> 5 030 741 B, stars-meta.bin 2 576 213 -> 2 784 614 B,
stars-index.json 3 724 855 -> 4 003 584 B (+806 KB, 7.3 %). Boot on the
dev server, five interleaved cold runs: the task that indexes the
catalogue after the data lands, median 1 072 -> 1 182 ms; HUD shown,
median 2 622 -> 2 716 ms. This machine measured 0.82-1.30 s for the
same baseline task today, above audit #25's 627-843 ms. The drawn-star
budget is unchanged.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 20:35:21 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 2e5daa0f97 Give every body the period it is drawn going round in, and say where its orbit comes from
Audit #38: Europa's card listed its axis, eccentricity and inclination but no period, while the
scene turned it round Jupiter all the same: heliocentricPeriodDays refused every moon, since the
catalogue carried no planet masses.

Every solar-system body's period is now 360 over the JPL mean motion that carries it round the
scene, filed under Measured since that is JPL's published figure: Europa 3.55 d, the Moon 27.3 d,
Saturn 29.5 yr on the live cards, Earth 365.2564 d. heliocentricPeriodDays is gone. Exoplanets
keep the archive's period, or none.

The card's provenance line now ends with where the orbit comes from, "Orbit: JPL SSD satellite
mean elements, epoch 1997 Jan 16." for Europa, "Orbit: JPL approximate mean elements (Standish),
fit for 3000 BC to AD 3000." for a planet, and the Sun's system note says so too: "Orbits
propagated from JPL mean elements, the planets' fit for 3000 BC to AD 3000, to the current
date." Other systems keep "published elements". All three read in the running app.

Each has a test that fails without it (moons refused a period, provenance without the orbit, a
note without the source).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 20:20:51 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 48319c3fe2 Move the solar system on JPL's mean elements, so it stays right as the clock runs
Every body carried one set of osculating elements from Horizons at 2025-01-01, run forward by
Kepler with a GM from a table of mass ratios. That set is exact at its instant and drifts from
then on, and the clock now runs a month a second: the Moon, with Earth's mass ratio lacking its
own and the osculating axis, went round in 27.70 days instead of 27.32, 66 degrees out after a
year, and its locked face was spun at the same wrong rate.

Planets and Pluto now take Standish's Table 2a/2b ("Keplerian Elements for Approximate
Positions of the Major Planets"): elements against the J2000 ecliptic, their rates per century,
and the b, c, s, f terms of Jupiter to Pluto, fit for 3000 BC to AD 3000. Table 1 is closer near
the present (Saturn 0.23 degrees at worst 1950-2100, against 0.32 here) but is only fit for
1800-2050, and by AD 3000 has Saturn 4.3 degrees out where Table 2 holds every planet within 0.3.
The moons take JPL SSD's satellite mean elements: sidereal mean motion n to ten figures, the
periods of their node and periapsis, and each one's local Laplace plane by its pole. They
propagate with n itself, never a GM: gmForParent and its mass table are gone. Horizons still
gives size, spin and obliquity.

Both tables are read from the Internet Archive's copy of JPL's pages, pinned to one capture: the
live approx_pos page has dropped Pluto, and the live sats/elem page has dropped n and rounds the
period to four or five figures (Phobos 0.3187 d, a revolution out within a decade).

What the tables leave implicit, measured against Horizons before it was accepted:
- The precession periods are magnitudes. A node regresses on a prograde orbit and advances on a
  retrograde one; a periapsis advances except where a resonance forces the eccentricity. Io's
  and Europa's follow their conjunction line backwards at 2 n(Europa) - n(Io) = 0.74 degrees a
  day, which is exactly the 1.625- and 1.394-year periods in the table. Read as advancing, Io
  was 0.9 degrees out and Europa 2.1.
- On a retrograde orbit the node's turning is added back to the mean anomaly. Taken off, Triton
  drifted a degree a year, 105 degrees by 2100.
- The Laplace frame's x axis is where the plane rises through the ICRF equator, RA of the pole
  plus 90. Read against the ecliptic, Io was 2.8 degrees out, Phobos 54 and Titan 127.

Orbit lines are now drawn in their own plane and turned by a quaternion each tick, so a turning
node carries the line with the body: fixed at one date, the Moon's line would be up to 69 000 km
off it nine years on. The Earth row is the Earth-Moon barycentre, 4 700 km from Earth, 0.002
degrees from the Sun. A tidally locked moon's day is now 360 / n, its sidereal period (the Moon
27.321662 d), so it stays locked to the orbit it is drawn on.

Angular error against Horizons VECTORS (ICRF, TDB; heliocentric for planets, planet-centred for
moons), degrees, read from the live renderer's markers in the running app:

body       1950-01-01 1975-01-01 1987-07-23 2000-01-01 2025-01-01 2037-03-06 2050-01-01 2075-01-01 2100-01-01   max
mercury         0.004      0.002      0.003      0.002      0.002      0.001      0.000      0.002      0.000  0.004
venus           0.003      0.007      0.003      0.004      0.004      0.004      0.003      0.004      0.004  0.007
earth           0.003      0.008      0.002      0.005      0.004      0.009      0.003      0.002      0.003  0.009
mars            0.009      0.010      0.008      0.024      0.009      0.012      0.009      0.011      0.028  0.028
jupiter         0.063      0.030      0.171      0.135      0.013      0.020      0.056      0.041      0.075  0.171
saturn          0.080      0.064      0.018      0.320      0.066      0.114      0.044      0.164      0.177  0.320
uranus          0.018      0.169      0.068      0.050      0.101      0.015      0.141      0.017      0.114  0.169
neptune         0.070      0.028      0.004      0.021      0.036      0.037      0.013      0.029      0.072  0.072
pluto           0.045      0.054      0.041      0.033      0.019      0.020      0.023      0.027      0.026  0.054
moon            0.486      1.928      0.127      0.631      1.407      1.086      0.720      0.339      1.180  1.928
phobos          2.068      0.294      0.881      1.113      0.313      0.636      2.089      5.862     11.099 11.099
deimos          0.077      0.043      0.310      0.066      0.164      0.068      0.034      0.468      0.044  0.468
io              0.021      0.015      0.010      0.019      0.009      0.035      0.006      0.011      0.022  0.035
europa          0.036      0.039      0.053      0.064      0.078      0.032      0.006      0.034      0.044  0.078
ganymede        0.132      0.103      0.018      0.007      0.023      0.054      0.091      0.118      0.044  0.132
callisto        0.040      0.019      0.023      0.019      0.038      0.008      0.060      0.119      0.056  0.119
titan           0.003      0.019      0.023      0.023      0.027      0.028      0.048      0.008      0.014  0.048
triton          0.051      0.029      0.009      0.021      0.052      0.048      0.063      0.089      0.137  0.137

Three miss what was hoped for, and why:
- Jupiter 0.17, Saturn 0.32, Uranus 0.17 against the 0.1 hoped for: short-period perturbations
  of the giants by one another, which no Keplerian fit carries. Standish states his own Table 2
  errors as 600, 1 000 and 2 000 arcseconds (0.17, 0.28, 0.56 degrees). Out to AD 3000, measured
  at 1800, 2200, 2400, 2600 and 3000, every planet stays within 0.3.
- The Moon, 1.9: evection (1.27) and variation (0.66), which a mean ellipse leaves out.
- Phobos, 2.1 until 2050, then 5.9 in 2075 and 11.1 in 2100, growing as the square of the time:
  its tidal acceleration, which the table has no column for. Its elements are MAR080's, epoch
  1950. The map's dates are also UTC where the elements are TDB, 69 s today,
  which is 0.9 degrees of Phobos and nothing for anything else.

Held in place by:
- build.ts: each body's mean elements against Horizons' own osculating elements on the ETL's
  2025-01-01, at most 0.25 degrees for a planet and 2.5 for a moon (measured: Uranus 0.101, the
  Moon 1.407; a regressing Triton node reads 10.24 and fails), and every moon's day equal to its
  sidereal period (a 1% error fails).
- Unit tests freezing nine Horizons vectors (Earth 2100, Jupiter 1950, Saturn 2075, Pluto 1975,
  the Moon 2050, Io and Europa 1950, Titan and Triton 2100) through SystemOrbitsRenderer, the
  Moon kept on its own turning line, the retrograde rule, the Standish terms, the Laplace frame,
  and both table parsers. Nine mutants each fail the test named for them, and the two
  validators each refuse a mutated build of the real catalogue.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 20:18:57 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 c64eea0803 Keep every star the naked eye sees, Rigel, Deneb and Alnilam among them
The 250 pc cutoff took 1 543 of HYG's 8 920 stars of V 6.5 or brighter:
1 339 that both surveys put past it and 204 HYG has no distance for. Five
of the fifty brightest stars in the sky were gone (Rigel, Deneb, Alnilam,
gamma-2 Vel, Wezen), and Naos, Sadr, Aludra and Arneb with them, while
11th-magnitude Gaia stars at the same distance were drawn. The cutoff
bounds a download, not what the sky shows.

placementDistancePc now keeps a star of V 6.5 or brighter at any distance,
at the better of its two distances as before: Gaia's where the archive's
Hipparcos cross-match has a usable parallax, Hipparcos's otherwise. Gaia
saturates on the brightest, so Rigel (264.6 pc), Deneb (432.9), Alnilam
(606.1), Wezen (492.6), Naos, Sadr, Aludra and Arneb sit at their
Hipparcos distance. 1 502 HYG rows come back, 165 of the 206 without a
Hipparcos distance among them because Gaia measured them; 36 fold into a
Gaia entry. 41 naked-eye stars stay out because neither survey gives them
a distance: beta Phe, Polis, Mu Cep, Rho Cas, Eta Car, Alp Cam, Phi Cas,
Chi Aur, Psi-1 Aur, theta-1 Ori, Omi-1 Cen, 66 Ori, 16 Sgr, 10 Sge and 27
HD stars.

Measured on the rebuilt catalogue: 425 117 stars (+1 466), 8 301 of them
past 250 pc (+1 466), the same 336 within 10 pc and 3 652 within 25 pc.
Merge gate: 12 352 HYG rows without a Gaia counterpart (was 10 886; the
ceiling of 15 000 is unchanged, and its comment now counts the naked-eye
stars among the survivors) and the same 23 cross-catalogue pairs under an
arcsecond. Five more exoplanets find their host: HD 81817 b and c,
HD 158996 b, HD 208527 b, HD 220074 b. gzip -9 sizes: stars.bin
4 711 922 -> 4 728 315 B, stars-meta.bin 2 576 213 -> 2 587 977 B,
stars-index.json 3 724 855 -> 3 731 763 B.

The brief behind this also asked to cut once on the best distance, which
would drop the 6 835 stars Hipparcos puts inside 250 pc and Gaia outside.
Those already sit at Gaia's distance (4eb61ff), so nothing is misplaced,
and they stay.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 19:36:34 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5.5 c38a42cbcb Fix what the review of this branch found, starting with the pick rule it only claimed
The off-screen rule for clicks was described in 3f0abf8 and in the pull request, but only its
comment was committed: pickAt still let the slop reach past the frame. The mutant that was said
to catch it matched nothing, and an unrelated flaky test failed instead. The frame test is now in
pickAt, before the slop, and its test fails without it (star at NDC 1.01, click at 0.995).

Venus, Uranus and Pluto turned forwards: Horizons states a retrograde spin twice, by a negative
rate and by an obliquity over 90 degrees, and both were applied. The period's sign is now used
only when no obliquity is known. Measured on the live markers, spin axis against orbit normal is
cos(obliquity) for each: Venus -0.999, Uranus -0.135, Pluto -0.494, Earth 0.917.

Moons listed as rates rather than "Synchronous" drifted about 5 degrees an orbit and Titan did not
turn: every moon is now locked at its Kepler period. Pluto's obliquity comes from IAU WGCCRE 2015,
Horizons gives none.

Also:
- the star's light is white at pi, not a warm 2.2 that left the photographs dim;
- procedural textures are 128x64, not 512x256 that froze the main thread ~60 ms a body;
- Io, Pluto, Titan and Deimos lose their "maps", which were disc photographs with black sky;
- an exoplanet with only a mass gets a radius from it (M^0.55, capped at Jupiter), not Earth's;
- the clock knows when it has left the present even once back at real time, so the date and
  "Back to now" stay up.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-24 18:50:07 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5 468c98b14a Surface the system view with the photographs it already had, lit by its star
Every body in the system view was an unlit sphere wearing a 32 by 16 pixel
procedural texture — the size chosen when a marker was a few pixels across and
what survived was its average colour. The thirteen real photographs in
`src/assets/textures/bodies/` were used only by the detail page. So Mars was a
pale grey ball with invented polar caps while its own NASA mosaic sat unread in
the repository, and nothing had a day side or a night side.

Each marker now takes its own photograph where one exists, at the size the
detail page uses, and the derived texture only where none does — the five moons
no probe mapped, and every exoplanet, none of which has ever been imaged. The
material is lit, and the light is a point at the star, so each world shows the
terminator where it really falls.

The light does not fall off with distance. Under the inverse square that real
light obeys, Neptune receives a thousandth of what Mercury does and reads as
black; the map is a set of worlds to look at rather than a light meter, so each
is lit as a photograph of it would be. That is the same concession the pixel
floor makes for size, and it is only about brightness: the *direction* is real.

Spheres are 32 by 24 rather than 16 by 12, since at true scale a body is drawn
anywhere from a pixel to the whole frame and the old silhouette was visibly
faceted at the near end.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-22 12:03:24 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5 4b276e44a5 Give the map a clock, so the sky it computes can be watched
The orbits and the rotations are both functions of a date, and the only date the
map ever asked for was this instant. So a view built on propagated ephemerides
showed a still picture: Earth turns 15 degrees an hour and takes a year to go
round, and a reader watching for a minute saw nothing move at all.

`TimeStore` is that date, at a rate the reader sets: real time, an hour a
second, a day a second, a month a second. It is read once a frame rather than
held in a signal — it changes continuously, and a signal changing sixty times a
second would ask the whole HUD to re-render for a number nothing is watching.
Changing the rate re-anchors rather than rewinding, so speeding up and slowing
down never jumps the sky, and "Back to now" returns to the world's own time.

Measured in the app, three seconds of watching in the Sun's system:

| rate | sky elapsed | Earth turned | Jupiter moved |
|---|---|---|---|
| real time | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 h/s | 3.0 h | 45.12 deg | 0.0009 AU |
| 1 d/s | 3.0 d | (three full turns) | 0.0222 AU |

45.12 degrees in three hours is 15.04 an hour, which is Earth's own sidereal
rate, and Jupiter's 0.0222 AU in three days is its own orbital speed.

The rates are radio buttons, not toggles: they are one of four, and the native
control carries that to a screen reader and to the arrow keys with no script.
The date joins the strip only while the clock is running faster than the world,
since at real time it is today's, which the reader's machine already says.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-22 10:59:28 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5 225d676ab0 Turn each body at its own rate, from Horizons' own figures
The view had one rotation in it — the planet on the detail page, at 0.08 rad/s,
a number with no source. Nothing in the system view turned at all.

The data was already on disk: every cached Horizons page carries how its body
spins, in one of five forms. The rate in radians per second is preferred where
it appears, because it is signed — that is how Venus and Uranus are known to
turn backwards — then a period in hours or days, then the `9h 55m 29.711 s`
the giant planets use, and finally the word every major moon here carries
instead of a number: Synchronous. A tidally locked moon's day is its orbit, so
Kepler supplies it from the elements already parsed and the parent it goes
round.

Seventeen of the eighteen bodies come out within 1% of their published period —
Earth 23.934 h, Jupiter 9.925 h, Venus -5832.5 h, Io 42.5 h, Callisto 400.5 h.
Titan is the exception: its page states no period at all, so it is left still
rather than turned at an invented rate.

The axis is the orbit normal tilted by the obliquity about the orbit's
ascending node, which is where an obliquity is measured from and the only line
in the orbit the elements name. The phase at the epoch is published for none of
these bodies, so the face turned toward the camera is not a claim; the rate and
the direction are.

At true rates nothing is visible moving — Earth turns 15 degrees an hour. A
clock the reader can run faster is the next piece, and the audit asks for it
anyway.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_016jxMkwA2rbicdGxHosecYi
2026-09-21 23:12:02 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5 3f0abf8717 Draw the system at true scale, drop the halo, and refuse to enter what is off screen
Three changes to what the system view claims, all of them the same claim: that
the sizes on screen mean something.

**The halo is gone.** It was a sprite sized against the arrival frame — 1.12 AU
for the Sun — so it stayed that wide as the camera closed in and ended up a flat
gradient filling the screen, over the photograph it was meant to dress. It
existed to keep the star visible at a framing that holds the whole system, which
is now handled in pixels instead.

**Bodies are drawn at their own radius.** The old marker size was exaggerated
and scaled to the system span, and clamped: Jupiter and Ganymede both ran past
the ceiling and were drawn at one radius, so every moon orbited inside its
planet, and Phobos and Triton sat entirely within Mars and Neptune. True scale
needs no rule against that — physics already puts a moon outside the planet it
orbits. What it costs is visibility at the arrival framing, where every body is
sub-pixel, so the scene floors each marker at 3 px on screen and holds a moon to
half its planet's drawn size. Measured in the Sun's system: at arrival, planets
3 px and moons 1.5 px, against 3 px for everything before; at Jupiter, the
planet 10.8 px at scale 1 with the Galilean moons on their orbits outside it.

The Sun is drawn at its own radius too. Every other star keeps a size derived
from its innermost orbit, because no stellar radius reaches the app — Gaia's
`radius_gspphot` is the obvious next fetch.

**A click cannot enter a system that is not on screen.** The picker tested depth
but not the frame, and a star's hit area is its drawn size plus a slop, so a
click in the last pixels of the view could fly into a system outside it, with
nothing on screen to explain where it had gone.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_016jxMkwA2rbicdGxHosecYi
2026-09-21 17:26:32 +02:00
Senrokai e45c3b6287 Merge pull request #32 from avalon-vanguard/fix/routes-panel-honesty
Let the Routes panel be clicked as soon as it is back, and stop it departing from elsewhere
2026-09-18 19:08:37 +02:00
SenrokaiandClaude Opus 5 2d06408c3f Merge main into fix/routes-panel-honesty
Both sides added a test beside the other in the dock's spec: the panel's own
departure guard here, the give-up wording on main. Both kept, and the offer test
carries the `least` the route answer now has.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_016jxMkwA2rbicdGxHosecYi
2026-09-18 19:04:08 +02:00
Senrokai 56870fd9fe Merge pull request #31 from avalon-vanguard/fix/grid-rings
Size the distance rings by what the frame reaches, and keep their labels off the star names
2026-09-18 19:01:15 +02:00
Senrokai cea39c7186 Merge pull request #30 from avalon-vanguard/fix/route-search-budget
Tell a search that gave up from a route that is not there
2026-09-18 19:00:03 +02:00